South Africa has a broad history on HIV and perhaps it is the most controversial one because there are many conflicts between politicians and HIV organizations and scientists (Avert, 2013). Also, it is important to know that the world’s largest HIV epidemic is estimated in South Africa (Avert, 2013). The first people who were diagnosed with HIV was in 1982 in South Africa, and they were two homosexual men, but more importantly, according to researches they had recently visited United States (Avert,2013). In a short time, the scientists start taking blood tests from homosexual men in the country and 250 of them living in the largest city of South Africa, Johannesburg, were infected, and it was also noted that more than half of them had had more than 20 sexual partners during the previous year (Avert, 2013). That is why firstly in South Africa, it was believed that AIDS was a homosexual disease so homosexuals in general were blamed through the country for a while. However, in 1987, the first black South African was diagnosed with AIDS, which made it clear that HIV virus was getting spread quickly through the country (Avert, 2013). In 1990s, HIV epidemic in South Africa even got wider and there were even people diagnosed with HIV in central Africa. Moreover, in 1991, it was found out that the number of heterosexual people diagnosed with AIDS was more than homosexual people diagnosed with AIDS (Avert, 2013). The first time that the scientists tried to develop a treatment for HIV was published in African National Congress, and other than that there were many health conferences going on in Southern Africa because of the high increase in HIV epidemic. That is also when people started attending clinics. For instance between 1990 and 1992, the attendees to clinics tose from 0.7% to 2.2% (Avert, 2013). In general, there were many organizations established to provide a better treatment for patients diagnosed with HIV, but still it was not enough for African people since there was a high increase in the rates. Moreover, in the last couple years the number of organizations established in only South Africa was recorded as 92 (AIDSfoundation, 2013). In 2011, Africa had the highest prevalence of AIDS when it was compared to other countries in the world because it was recorded as 5,6 million people with HIV and the number of deaths was 270,000 in total (AIDSfoundation, 2013). The main factors for this high prevalence are mainly “poverty, inequality and social instability, high levels of sexually transmitted infections, the low status of women, sexual violence, limited access to medical care and more” (AIDSfoundation, 2013). Depending on all these factors affecting the HIV rates in South Africa, it was recorded that “there are three women infected with AIDS for every two men who are infected” (AIDSfoundation, 2013). However, in conclusion, it is important to know that there have been some positive developments seen in the treatment of AIDS since the end of 2008 (AIDSfoundation, 2013).